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• 试剂商城
• 直接询价

分类

• {SNA} ACS Grade, Chemical Synthesis, Essential Chemicals, Inorganic Salts, Solutions and Reagents, Organic Acids, Research Essentials, Synthetic Reagents
• {SA} Chemical Synthesis, Organic Acids, Synthetic Reagents
• {uni_hamburg} no charge; carboxylic acid; 1fragment
• Aliphatic halogenated, Alpha Sort, Alphabetic, Analytical Standards, Analytical/Chromatography, C, CH, Chromatography, Environmental Standards, Herbicides, Pesticides & Metabolites, Volatiles/ Semivolatiles
• {Chemicalbook} 农药中间体: 杀虫剂中间体: 有机磷类杀虫剂

相关文献及参考

• Merck 14 ,2112
• Beil. 2 ,IV,474
• Aldrich MSDS 1 , 365:D / Corp MSDS 1 (1), 726:C / FT-IR 2 (1), 789:C / FT-IR 1 (1), 508:A / FT-NMR 1 (1), 790:B / IR-Spectra (3), 298:B / NMR-Reference 2 (1), 444:D / RegBook 1 (1), 555:A / Sax 6 , 676 / Sigma FT-IR 1 (1), 1378:A / Structure Index 1 , 78:D:8 / Vapor Phase 3 , 591:B
• Short: II/14a Title: Molecular Constants: Diamagnetic Molecules Author: Demaison, J.; Dubrulle, A.; Hüttner, W.; Tiemann, E. Editor: Hellwege, K.-H.; Hellwege, A.M. Source: Landolt-Börnstein, New Series Volume: II/14a Page: 1-788 Year: 1982 Keyword: organic compounds; molecular constants; spectroscopy; microwave spectroscopy ISBN: 3-540-11365-7 ISBN: 978-3-540-11365-2 Internet Resource: DOI:10.1007/b19966 RefComment: 196 figs., XI
• Short: II/25B Title: Structure Data Of Free Polyatomic Molecules: Molecules containing One or Two Carbon Atoms Author: Graner, G.; Hirota, E.; Iijima, T.; Kuchitsu, K.; Ramsay, D.A.; Vogt, J.; Vogt, N. Editor: Kuchitsu, K. Source: Landolt-Börnstein, New Series Volume: II/25B Year: 1999 Keyword: Free Polyatomic Molecules; Carbon Atoms; Molecules ISBN: 3-540-63645-5 ISBN: 978-3-540-63645-8 Internet Resource: DOI:10.1007/b68834 RefComment: IX, 512 pages. Hardcover Abstract: Volume II/25 is a supplemented and revised edition of the preceding volumes II/7, II/15, II/21 and II/23 contain
• A convenient one-pot alternative to the Knoevenagel or Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reactions for the synthesis of ɑ-unsubstituted cinnamic acids involves the reaction of chloroacetic acid with dimethyl phosphite in the presence of sodium methoxide, and treatment of the resulting phosphonoacetate salt with a benzaldehyde: J. Org. Chem., 46, 2514 (1981):
• For a more general version of this reaction, applicable to the synthesis of a variety of substituted acrylic acids, see 2-Bromopropionic acid, A17569.

安全信息

GHS Symbol

TYPE OF TEST            : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 1300 mg/kg/65W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
   Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
REFERENCE :
   JNCIAM Journal of the National Cancer Institute.  (Washington, DC)  V.1-60,
   1940-78.  For publisher information, see JJIND8.  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   53,695,1974

TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 100 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
   Liver - tumors
REFERENCE :
   NTIS** National Technical Information Service.  (Springfield, VA 22161)
   Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: PB223-159

TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 16600 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   RPTOAN Russian Pharmacology and Toxicology (English Translation).
   Translation of FATOAO.  (Euromed Pub., 33, Woodlands Rd., Surbiton, Surrey,
   UK)  V.30-    1967-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,113,1978

TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 55 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya.  Labor Hygiene and
   Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)
   V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher

TYPE OF TEST            : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 180 mg/m3
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya.  Labor Hygiene and
   Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)
   V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 18(9),32,1974

TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 5 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-    1959-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   22,303,1972

TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in mammalian somatic cells
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION           : 400 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   ENMUDM Environmental Mutagenesis.  (New York, NY)  V.1-9, 1979-87.  For
   publisher information, see EMMUEG.  Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,143,1987

TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION           : 548 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 97,49,1982

TYPE OF TEST            : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - hamster Ovary
DOSE/DURATION           : 160 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis.  (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
   11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.10-    1987-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   10(Suppl 10),1,1987

其他信息

• 蒸气压:0.75 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
• Acros Organics:氯乙酸 Chloroacetic acid, 99+%(79-11-8)
• 上游原料:盐酸 --> 乙酸 --> 氯 --> 硫磺 --> 2-氯乙醇 --> 三氯乙烯 --> 二氯化二硫 --> 三氯乙酸 --> 乙醇酸 --> 二氯乙酸 --> 1,1,2,2-四氯乙烷 --> 二氯乙酸甲酯
• MOL 文件:79-11-8.mol
• Sigma Aldrich:79-11-8(sigmaaldrich)
• 方法二:工业生产氯乙酸有三种主要方法。（1）乙酸氯化法是在碘、磷、硫或磷和硫的卤化物等催化剂存在下，用氯气将乙酸直接氯化而得。除生成氯乙酸外，还有深度氯化的副产物如二氯乙酸、三氯乙酸。此法原料消耗较低，工艺简单，氯乙酸产率可达92%。（2）三氯乙烯水合法是以93%的硫酸为催化剂，反应温度约160-180℃。此法可得高纯度的氯乙酸，产率可达90%，但副产盐酸较多。（3）氯乙醇氧化法是在60℃用60%的硝酸氧化，氯乙酸收率超过90%。在北美洲以乙酸氯化法为主，西欧以三氯乙烯水合法为主。我国采用乙酸氯化法生产：将定量的冰醋酸加入反应锅，以冰醋酸重量的3.5%硫黄粉作催化剂，预热至90℃以上，开始通入适量的氯气，两只反应锅串联通氯，主锅控制温度为98±2℃，副锅为85-90℃，通氯速度约70kg/h，待反应锅内物料的相对密度为1.350（80℃）时，即反应到达终点。将反应物抽至酸罐，冷却结晶，液相为少量乙酸、二氯乙酸、氯化硫和少量氯乙酸，分离出结晶体，再在38℃以下把母液抽尽即为成品。每吨产品约产生150公斤母液，可进一步氯化制成二氯乙酸、二氯乙酸甲酯及氯仿。三氯乙烯水合法同时进行水的加成和水解：反应温度160-180℃，反应中硫酸浓度应保持在93%，控制三氯乙烯和水的比例。硫酸消耗不超过50kg，副产30%的盐酸2.57t。工业品氯乙酸为无色或略带淡黄色结晶体。原料消耗定额：冰醋酸（98%）730kg/t、氯气860kg/t、硫磺26kg/t。
• 用途四:用于广泛的有机合成原料。染料工业用于生产靛蓝、萘氨基乙酸类染料；在制药工业用于合成咖啡因、巴比妥、肾上腺素、维生素B6、氨基乙酸、丙二酸酯等药物和中间体；在农药工业用于生产除草剂2,4-D、丁酯、2,4,5-T、硫氰乙酸、α-萘乙酸、草甘磷、甲草胺、乙草胺、丁草胺及杀虫剂乐果等20多种农药；在合成纤维工业用于生产羧甲基纤维素（CMC）和有色金属浮选剂Z-200＃，还可用作色层分析试剂等，也可用于食品添加剂、洗涤剂、冷烫精等产品。详见本条附表氯乙酸系列产品。
• 类别:腐蚀物品
• 用途三:氯乙酸是一种有机化工原料，在农药生产上广泛应用，可用于合成有机磷杀虫剂乐果、氧乐
• 储运特性:库房通风低温干燥; 与氧化剂、碱类分开
• F:3
• 海关编码:29154000
• 毒性分级:高毒
• 可燃性危险特性:遇热, 明火燃烧; 受热分解产生有毒光气; 有腐蚀性
• 用途三:氯乙酸是一种有机化工原料，在农药生产上广泛应用，可用于合成有机磷杀虫剂乐果、氧乐果的中间体氯乙酸甲酯，喹硫磷的中间体2-羟基喹啉，除草
• 方法一:氯乙酸的合成方法较多，有乙酸氯化法、乙酐催化氯化法、三氯乙烯水解法、羟基乙酸氯化法、四氯乙烷水解等，国内工业生产上主要采用乙酸氯化法，该法的优点是不使用硫酸，且原料价格便宜，CH 3 COOH+Cl 2 →ClCH 2 COOH+HCl 将定量冰醋酸加入反应锅，以冰醋酸质量的3.5％硫磺粉作催化剂，预热至90℃以上，开始通入适量的氯气，两只反应锅串联通氯气，主锅控制温度为(98±2)℃，副锅为85～90℃，通氯气速度约70kg/h。待反应锅内物料相对密度为1.350(80℃)时，即到达反应终点。将反应物抽至酸罐，冷却结晶，分离出结晶体，再在38℃以下把母液抽尽，即得到成品氯乙酸。此外，也有实验表明，除硫磺粉外，乙酐也可在相同条件下对上述氯化反应起到较好的催化作用，且效果优于硫磺粉。 还有三氯乙烯水合法。三氯乙烯与浓硫酸反应，反应温度160～180℃，保持硫酸含量为93％，控制三氯乙烯和水的比例，反应历程经硫酸加成、水解而得到一氯乙酸。