2,4-Dinitrotoluene 2,4-二硝基甲苯(易制爆)

CAS 121-14-2 MFCD00007172

化学结构图

121-14-2
SMILES: Cc1ccc([N+](=O)[O-])cc1[N+](=O)[O-]

化学属性

Mol. FormulaCH3C6H3(NO2)2
Mol. Weight182.13
Vapor Pressure1 mmHg ( 102.7 °C)
Melting Point67-70 °C (lit.)
Flash Point207°(404°F)
Boiling Point300°C
Solubility0.3 G/L (20 ºC)
Density1.0
TSCAYes
Stability对湿度敏感

别名和识别编码

Chemical Name2,4-Dinitrotoluene
Synonym benzene, 1-methyl-2,4-dinitro- dinitrotoluene(non-specificname) 2,4-dinitro-toluene 2,4-DNT Rcra waste number U105 1-Methyl-2,4-dinitrobenzol 2,4-dnt Benzene,1-methyl-2,4-dinitro- rcrawastenumberu105 Benzene, 1-methyl-2,4-dinitro- 1-甲基-2,4-二硝基苯 2,4-Dinitrotoluene 1-Methyl-2,4-Dinitrobenzene; 2,4-Dinitrotoluol; 2,4-DNT DNT 1-methyl-2,4-dinitro-benzen Toluene, 2,4-dinitro- 2,4-DINITROTOLUENE 2,4 DNT AND 2,6 DNT 二硝甲苯 2,4-Dinitrotoluol 1-Methyl-2,4-dinitrobenzene 4-Methyl-1,3-dinitrobenzene 4-methyl-1,3-dinitrobenzene 2,4-dinitrotoluene 2,4-二硝基苯 2,4-二硝基甲苯 NCI-C018
MDL NumberMFCD00007172
CAS Number121-14-2
PubChem Substance ID8461
EC Number204-450-0
Beilstein Registry Number1912834
Chemical Name Translation2,4-二硝基甲苯(易制爆)
Wiswesser Line NotationWNR B1 ENW
InChIInChI=1S/C7H6N2O4/c1-5-2-3-6(8(10)11)4-7(5)9(12)13/h2-4H,1H3
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分类

  • {SNA} Alpha Sort, Alphabetical Index of Analytical Standards, Analytical Standards, Analytical/Chromatography, Aromatics, Chemical Class, Chromatography, D, DID - DIN, Environmental Standards, Nitro Compounds, Plasticizer, Standards for Person

产品应用

  • 有机合成。

相关文献及参考

  • Short: IV/1a
  • Short: III/35E
  • Short: IV/20B
  • Beilstein:5,339

安全信息

GHS Symbol
WGK Germany3
Hazard statements
  • H331 Toxic if inhaled 吸入中毒
  • H311 Toxic in contact with skin 皮肤接触中毒
  • H301 Toxic if swallowed 吞食有毒
  • H350 May cause cancer 可能致癌
  • H341 Suspected of causing genetic defects 怀疑导致遗传性缺陷
  • H361 Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child 怀疑对生育能力或未出生婴儿造成伤害
  • H373 May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure 长期或频繁接触可能会损伤器官
  • H411 Toxictoaquaticlifewithlonglastingeffects 对水生生物有毒性并具有长期影响。
  • H410 Verytoxictoaquaticlifewithlonglastingeffects 对水生生物毒性非常大并具有长期影响。
  • H301+H311+H331
Personal Protective Equipment Eyeshields, Faceshields, full-face particle respirator type N100 (US), Gloves, respirator cartridge type N100 (US), type P1 (EN143) respirator filter, type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges
RTECSXT1575000
Precautionary statements
  • P308+P313
  • P281 Use personal protective equipment as required. 使用所需的个人防护装备。
  • P273 Avoid release to the environment. 避免释放到环境中。
  • P201 Obtain special instructions before use. 使用前获取专门指示。
  • P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. 避免吸入粉尘/烟/气体/烟雾/蒸汽/喷雾。
  • P301+P310+P330
  • P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. 戴防护手套/防护服/眼睛的保护物/面部保护物。
  • P403+P233
Signal word Danger
Hazard Codes T,N T,N,F
Safety Statements
  • S60 This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste 该物质及其容器必须作为危险废物处置；
  • S61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheet 避免释放到环境中，参考特别指示/安全收据说明书；
  • S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible) 发生事故时或感觉不适时，立即求医（可能时出示标签）；
  • S53 Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use 避免接触，使用前获得特别指示说明；
  • S36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves 穿戴适当的防护服和手套；
Risk Statements
  • R39/23/24/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed 毒性：吸入，皮肤接触和吞食都会产生十分严重的不可逆危险
  • R23/24/25 Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed 吸入，皮肤接触及吞食都有毒
  • R11 Highly flammable 非常易燃
  • R45 May cause cancer 可能致癌
  • R62 Possible risk of impaired fertility 有削弱生殖能力的危险
  • R48/22
  • R51/53
  • R68 Possible risk of irreversible effects 可能有不可挽回的作用的危险
  • R50/53
UN Number 2038/1600/3454 UN 3454 6.1/PG 2 3454 UN3454
Packing GroupII
Hazard Class6.1
Storage condition 密封保存。 2-8°C
Restrict 易制爆 {} 易制爆危险化学品
Warnings 危化品目录(2015) 危险化学品 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 10080 mg/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
   Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - Kidney tumors
REFERENCE :
   JACTDZ Journal of the American College of Toxicology.  (Mary Ann Liebert,
   Inc., 1651 Third Ave., New York, NY 10128)  V.1-12, 1982-1993. Discontinued.
    Volume(issue)/page/year: 4(4),257,1985

TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 2620 mg/kg/78W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria
   Skin and Appendages - tumors
REFERENCE :
   NCITR* National Cancer Institute Carcinogenesis Technical Report Series.
   (Bethesda, MD)  No.0-205. For publisher information, see NTPTR*.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: NCI-TR-54,1978

TYPE OF TEST            : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 28 gm/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
   Liver - tumors
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
   NTIS** National Technical Information Service.  (Springfield, VA 22161)
   Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: AD-A080-146

TYPE OF TEST            : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 5460 mg/kg/78W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria
   Skin and Appendages - tumors
REFERENCE :
   NCITR* National Cancer Institute Carcinogenesis Technical Report Series.
   (Bethesda, MD)  No.0-205. For publisher information, see

TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 790 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya.  Labor Hygiene and
   Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)
   V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 25(8),50,1981

TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 268 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   NTIS** National Technical Information Service.  (Springfield, VA 22161)
   Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: PB214-270

TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION           : 25 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   XPHBAO U.S. Public Health Service, Public Health Bulletin.  (Washington, DC)
    Volume(issue)/page/year: 271,110,1941

TYPE OF TEST            : Dominant lethal test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 10920 mg/kg/13W (Continuous)
REFERENCE :
   NTIS** National Technical Information Service.  (Springfield, VA 22161)
   Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: AD-A061-7

TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in

TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in mammalian somatic cells
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - rat Liver
DOSE/DURATION           : 600 umol/L
REFERENCE :
   BANRDU Banbury Report.  (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, POB 100, Cold Spring
   Harbor, NY 11724) V.1-    1979-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,303,1979

TYPE OF TEST            : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - rat Liver
DOSE/DURATION           : 3 mmol/L
REFERENCE :
   SinJF# Personal Communication from J.F. Sina, Merck Institute for
   Therapeutic Research, West Point, PA 19486, Oct. 26, 1982
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 26OCT1982

TYPE OF TEST            : Morphological transformation
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 567 mg/kg/3W (Continuous)
REFERENCE :
   CRNGDP Carcinogenesis (London). (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House,
   Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK)  V.1-    1980-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,1797,1986

TYPE OF TEST            : Unscheduled DNA synthesis
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 35 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
   EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis.  (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
   11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.10-    1987-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   14,155,1989

TYPE OF TEST            : DNA adduct
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 10 mg/kg
REFERENCE :

TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 3094 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : male 13 week(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in
   number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)
   Reproductive - Fertility - other measures of fertility
REFERENCE :
   NTIS** National Technical Information Service.  (Springfield, VA 22161)
   Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: AD-A077-692

TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 8463 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : male 13 week(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material,
   sperm morphology, motility, and count)
REFERENCE :
   JACTDZ Journal of the American College of Toxicology.  (Mary Ann Liebert,
   Inc., 1651 Third Ave., New York, NY 10128)  V.1-12, 1982-1993. Discontinued.
    Volume(issue)/page/year: 4(4),243,1985

其他信息

  • 下游产品:2,4-二氨基甲苯 --> 2,4-二硝基苯甲醛 --> 2,6-二硝基甲苯 --> 2,4-二硝基苯甲酸
  • 图谱信息:2,4-二硝基甲苯(121-14-2)核磁图( 13 CNMR) 2,4-二硝基甲苯(121-14-2)红外图谱(IR1) 2,4-二硝基甲苯(121-14-2)红外图谱(IR3) 2,4-二硝基甲苯(121-14-2)红外图谱(IR2) 2,4-二硝基甲苯(121-14-2)质谱(MS)
  • 毒性分级:中毒
  • 用途二:2,4-二硝基甲苯可衍生一系列中间体，例如：这些中间体用于制造硫化黄GC、硫化黄棕5G、硫化黄棕6G、硫化红棕B3R等染料，生产炸药TNT，生产2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯。这些中间体中的甲苯二异氰酸酯的用量大，主要是用于聚氨酯泡沫塑料、聚氨酯弹性大、聚氨酯涂料等等方面的大宗产品。
  • 蒸气压:1 mm Hg ( 102.7 °C)
  • 爆炸物危险特性:与氧化剂混合可爆
  • {Chemi
  • {Chemicalb
  • 2,4-二硝基甲苯价格(试剂级):更新日期 产品编号 产品名称 包装 价格 2011/08/23 80057180 2，4-二硝基甲苯;1-甲基-2,4-二硝基苯 100g 179元 2011/08/23 80057128 2，4-二硝基甲苯;1-甲基-2,4-二硝基苯 500g 90元 2011/08/23 K4229001 2，4-二硝基甲苯;1-甲基-2,4-二硝基苯 100g 375元
  • Sigma Aldrich:121-14-2(sigmaaldrich)
  • 上游原料:甲苯 --> 硝酸 --> Α-球蛋白 --> 4-硝基甲苯 --> 2-硝基甲苯 --> 3-硝基甲苯
  • 有苦杏仁味,在阳光下颜色变深, 与碱接触变红。能溶于醇、醚和苯，不溶于水。可燃、有毒，微溶于水，不吸湿，易溶于乙醇、丙酮、苯、甲苯等有机溶剂
  • 职业标准:TWA 1.5 毫克/立方米
  • 类别:易燃固体
  • MSDS 信息:2,4-二硝基甲苯(121-14-2).msds
  • 有苦杏仁味,在阳光下颜色变深, 与碱接触变红。能溶于醇、醚和苯，不溶于水。可燃、有毒，微溶于水，不吸湿，易溶于乙醇、丙酮、苯
  • 方法一:1.由对硝基甲苯硝化而得：将硝化废酸（硫酸浓度为77%）加入硝化釜中，再投入熔化的对硝基甲苯，搅拌，使釜内温度降至55℃左右。然后分两批加入混酸（由31.75%硝酸和64.85%硫酸组成）中，第一批加料温度为52-56℃，第二批加料过程温度自54℃逐渐升到70℃，约6-7h加料结束，在75℃继续反应近3h。反应完成后，在搅拌下加冷水稀释，静置冷却。待上层反应物全部凝固后，放出废酸（一部分套用）。重新将反应物加热熔化，稍加搅拌后静置冷却，反应物凝固后，再放一次废酸。将反应物熔化，于68-70℃用液碱中和至pH值为5-6。喷入冷水降温，冷却到35℃，过滤，水洗，得2,4-二硝基甲苯。原料消耗定额：对硝基甲苯774kg/t、硫酸（95.5%）785kg/t、硝酸（98%）362kg/t。2.由甲苯硝化而得：先以97%的收率得到粗硝基甲苯，含邻硝基甲苯62-63%、对硝基甲苯33-34%及间硝基甲苯3-4%。在这种粗硝基甲苯中滴加混酸。搅拌，硝化反应以98.6%的收率得到粗品二硝基甲苯（CAS号为[25321-14-6]，是三种异构体的混合物）。硝化过程物料平衡的大致情况如下。将二硝基甲苯混合物溶于甲醇或乙醇中，然后冷却，使2,4-二硝基甲苯结晶，分离，蒸馏，得2,4-二硝基甲苯。制造纯的2,4-二硝基甲苯主要用前一种方法，即采用对硝基甲苯硝化的方法，工业品纯度≥95%。
  • TCI Shanghai:2,4-二硝基甲苯 2,4-Dinit
  • 急性毒性:口服- 大鼠 LD50: 268 毫克/ 公斤; 口服- 小鼠 LD50: 790 毫克/ 公斤
  • Alfa Aesar:2,4-二硝基甲苯,97% 2,4-Dinitrotoluene,
  • 可燃性危险特性:遇明火、高温、氧化剂易燃; 燃烧产生有毒氮氧化物烟雾
  • 灭火剂:水、干砂、二氧化碳、泡沫、1211灭火剂

系列性分类

  1. Chemical Synthesis 化学合成
  2. Building Blocks 合成砌块
  3. Organic Building Blocks 有机砌块
  4. Arenes 芳烃
  1. Chemical Synthesis 化学合成
  2. Building Blocks 合成砌块
  3. Organic Building Blocks 有机砌块
  4. Nitrogen Compounds 氮化合物
  5. Nitro Compounds 硝基化合物
  1. Analytical & Chromatography 分析化学与色谱
  2. Analytical Standards
  3. Alphabetic - Analytical Standards
  4. D - Alphabetic
  5. DID - DIN - D
  1. Analytical & Chromatography 分析化学与色谱
  2. Analytical Standards
  3. Alphabetic - Analytical Standards
  4. D - Alphabetic
  5. DID - DIN - D

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