Potassium cyanide 氰化钾

CAS 151-50-8 MFCD00011397

化学结构图

151-50-8
SMILES: [C-]#N.[K+]

化学属性

Mol. FormulaCKN
Mol. Weight65.12
Melting Point634°
Density1.52
TSCAYes
Boiling Point1625°
Flash Point1625°C
SolubilityH2O: 1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless

别名和识别编码

Chemical NamePotassium cyanide
Synonym {uni_hamburg} Cyankalium hydrocyanic acid, potassium salt KCN potassiumcyanide(ascn) 氰化鉀 046-02 [6] 氰化钾, 97+% epapesticidechemicalcode599600 氰化鉀 hydrocyanicacid,potassiumsalt 氰化钾 caswellno688a Cyanure de potassium CYANOGEN POTASSIUM cyanideofpotassium Kaliumcyanid Potassium cyanide (K(CN)) 氰化钾, ACS, 96.0% MIN 山奶钾 山奈钾 RCRA waste number P098 Cyanides cyanuredepotassium cyanuredepotassium(french) kaliumcyanid Kalium-cyanid potassiumcyanide(k(cn)) m-44capsules(potassiumcyanide) Potassium cyanide POTASSIUM CYANIDE ai3-28749 Cyanide of potassium 山埃钾 Hydrocyanic acid, potassium salt potassium cyanide
EC Number205-792-3
Beilstein Registry Number4652394
MDL NumberMFCD00011397
PubChem Substance ID9032
CAS Number151-50-8
Merck Number14,7626
Chemical Name Translation氰化钾
Wiswesser Line NotationKA CN
InChIInChI=1S/CN.K/c1-2;/q-1;+1
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分类

  • {SNA} Essential Chemicals, Inorganic Salts, Solutions and Reagents, Research Essentials, Technical Grade
  • {Chemicalbook} 无机化工产品: 无机盐: Cg氰化物
  • {uni_hamburg} no charge; cyanide; 2fragments; ionic
  • {SA} Analytical Reagents, Analytical Reagents for General Use, Analytical/Chromatography, Complexometric Titration Reagents (EDTA Titration), Masking Agents, O-P, Puriss p.a., Puriss p.a., Titration

相关文献及参考

  • Short: II/14a Title: Molecular Constants: Diamagnetic Molecules Author: Demaison, J.; Dubrulle, A.; Hüttner, W.; Tiemann, E. Editor: Hellwege, K.-H.; Hellwege, A.M. Source: Landolt-Börnstein, New Series Volume: II/14a Page: 1-788 Year: 1982 Keyword: organic compounds; molecular constants; spectroscopy; microwave spectroscopy ISBN: 3-540-11365-7 ISBN: 978-3-540-11365-2 Internet Resource: DOI:10.1007/b19966 RefComment: 196 figs., XI
  • Short: II/19b Title: Molecular Constants: Rotational, Centrifugal Distortion and Related Constants of Diamagnetic Asymmetric Top Molecules Author: Demaison, J.; Hüttner, W.; Vogt, J.; Wlodarczak, G. Editor: Hüttner, W. Source: Landolt-Börnstein, New Series Volume: II/19b Year: 1992 Keyword: organic compounds; molecular constants; spectroscopy; microwave spectroscopy ISBN: 3-540-54578-6 ISBN: 978-3-540-54578-1 Internet Resource: DOI:10.1007/b44334 RefComment: XI, 488 pages. Abstract: Volume II/19 Molecular Constants mostly from Microwave, Molecular Beam and Sub-Doppler Laser Spectroscopy is a supplement to the earlier volumes II/4, II/6, and II/14. The slight change in the title reflects current trends in the applications of spectroscopic methods. Together, the four volumes collect all the critically evaluated data published up to 1989/90 on constants of free molecules obtained by classical and modern spectroscopy. Volume II/19 is divided into four parts to record the growing number of investigations, especially in the microwave and millimeter wave regions, where modern techniques like Fourier Transform Microwave Spectroscopy have made new objects of interest such as molecular complexes and clusters accessible to study. Subvolume II/19b contains corresponding data on diamagnetic asymmetric top molecules.
  • Short: II/19c Title: Molecular Constants: Dipole Moments, Quadrupole Coupling Constants, Hindered Rotation and Magnetic Constants of Diamagnetic Molecules Author: Demaison, J.; Hüttner, W.; Tiem

安全信息

GHS Symbol
WGK Germany3
Hazard statements
  • H330 Fatal if inhaled 吸入致命
  • H410 Verytoxictoaquaticlifewithlonglastingeffects 对水生生物毒性非常大并具有长期影响。
  • H310 Fatal in contact with skin 皮肤接触致命
  • H300 Fatal if swallowed 吞食致命
  • H290 May be corrosive to metals 可能腐蚀金属。
  • H372 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure 长期或频繁接触会损伤器官
  • H370 Causes damage to organs 导致器官损伤
  • H300+H310+H330
Personal Protective Equipment dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves, type P2 (EN 143) respirator cartridges
RTECSTS8750000
Precautionary statements
  • P264 Wash hands thoroughly after handling. 处理后要彻底洗净双手。
  • P273 Avoid release to the environment. 避免释放到环境中。
  • P301+P310
  • P284 Wear respiratory protection.? 佩戴呼吸保护装置。
  • P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. 戴防护手套/防护服/眼睛的保护物/面部保护物。
  • P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. 不要吸入粉尘/烟/气体/烟雾/蒸汽/喷雾。
Signal word Danger
Safety Statements
  • S7 Keep container tightly closed 保存在严格密闭容器中；
  • S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible) 发生事故时或感觉不适时，立即求医（可能时出示标签）；
  • S28 After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of ... (to be specified by the manufacturer) 皮肤接触后，立即用大量…（由生产厂家指定）冲洗；
  • S29 Do not empty into drains 不要排入下水道；
  • S60 This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste 该物质及其容器必须作为危险废物处置；
  • S61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheet 避免释放到环境中，参考特别指示/安全收据说明书；
Packing GroupI
UN Number UN1680 UN 1680 6.1/PG 1
Risk Statements
  • R32 Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas 与酸接触释放出毒性很高的气体
  • R26/27/28 Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed 吸入，皮肤接触及吞食都有剧毒
  • R50/53
Storage condition Poison room Hygroscopic
Hazard Codes T+,N
Hazard Class6.1
Restrict 剧毒 {} 剧毒化学品
Warnings 危化品目录(2015) 危险化学品 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Amphibian - frog
DOSE/DURATION           : 60 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans
   Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium)  V.4-   
   1898-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,77,1897

TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION           : 8 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   CRSBAW Comptes Rendus des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et de Ses
   Filiales.  (SPPIF, B.P.22, F-41353 Vineuil, France)  V.1-    1849-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 96,202,1927

TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 5 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   ARTODN Archives of Toxicology.  (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Pl. 3, D-1000
   Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.)  V.32-    1974-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   54,275,1983

TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Bird - pigeon
DOSE/DURATION           : 4 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   JJPAAZ Japanese Journal of Pharmacology.  (Japanese Pharmacological Soc.,
   c/o Dept. of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto Univ., Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
   606, Japan)  V.1-    1951-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,99,1954

TYPE OF TEST

TYPE OF TEST            : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - rat Liver
DOSE/DURATION           : 300 umol/L
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 368,59,1996

TYPE OF TEST            : DNA inhibition
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION           : 1 mmol/L
REFERENCE :
   NEOLA4 Neoplasma.  (Karger-Libri, P.O. Box, CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) V.4-
      1957-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 28,423,1981

TYPE OF TEST            : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse Mammary gland
DOSE/DURATION           : 1 mmol/L/48H
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 67,221,1979

TYPE OF TEST            : DNA repair
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Escherichia coli
DOSE/DURATION           : 39 ug/well
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 133,161,1984

TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - domestic
DOSE                    : 1767 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 8-20 week(s) after conception
                          lactating female 44 day(s) post-birth
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., #
   alive at weaning per # alive at day 4)
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other neonatal measures or effects
REFERENCE :
   RJARAV Rhodesian Journal of Agricultural Research.  (Salisbury, Rhodesia)
   V.1-17, 1963-79.  Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,109,1978

TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 45 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 1-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
REFERENCE :
   TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
   R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.1-    1968-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 25(2),84A,1982

TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 65 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 14 day(s) pre-mating
                          female 1-22 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - other measures of fertility
REFERENCE :
   BNEOBV Biology of the Neonate.  (S. Karger Pub., Inc., 79 Fifth Ave., New
   York, NY 10003) V.15-    1970-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 36,233,1979

其他信息

  • 毒性分级:剧毒
  • 用途一:用于从矿石提取金和银、金属电镀、钢的热处理、杀虫剂、熏蒸剂、印染助剂、医药、照像、制氰化氢、造纸等
  • 外观性质:白色结晶或粉末，易潮解。
  • 急性毒性:口服- 大鼠 LD50: 5 毫克/ 公斤; 腹腔- 小鼠 LD50: 8.5 毫克/ 公斤
  • 参考质量标准:参考标准 指标名称 指标 一级品 二级
  • 毒性:毒性与氰氢酸的作用类似，慢性中毒时可有头痛、消瘦、性机能及性欲障碍。出现植物神经衰弱的综合症、贫血、白细胞减少，以及肾脏及心脏损伤、性腺及甲状腺机能低下、听觉和视觉及神经系统障碍，直到发生麻痹等。皮肤接触，会出现搔痒、亚急性或慢性湿症，有时手指发生深溃疡、治愈缓慢。 最高容许浓度为0.3 mg/m 3 ，致死量为0.12 g。 紧急治疗参见氰化氢产品。当吞入粉尘引起中毒时，用3%双氧水或0．2%高锰酸钾液洗胃。每过15 min给一汤匙硫酸亚铁和煅镁氧乳液。氰化钾溶液落在皮肤上，用大量水冲洗，然后缠上有硼酸或硼油的湿绷带。 工作时有生成氰化氢的危险时参见氰化氢产品。保护皮肤，用尼龙、氟共聚物乳胶手套。严格遵守个人卫生规则，禁止在工作场所吃东西及吸烟；衣服浸泡在含有2%硫酸亚铁的2%苏打溶液中2h，可使衣服无害；工作前用由20份氨水、100份甘油，50份酒精(96%)，5份硼酸及25份水组成的液体涂手部皮肤，工作后用0．2%高锰酸钾或2%双氧水溶液洗手。
  • Sigma Aldrich:151-50-8(sigmaaldrich)
  • 防护措施:毒性与氰氢酸的作用类似，慢性中毒时可有头痛、消瘦、性机能及性欲障碍。出现植物神经衰弱的综合症、贫血、白细胞减少，以及肾脏及心脏损伤、性腺及甲状腺机能低下、听觉和视觉及神经系统障碍，直到发生麻痹等。皮肤接触，会出现搔痒、亚急性或慢性湿症，有时手指发生深溃疡、治愈缓慢。 最高容许浓度为0.3mg/m3，致死量为0.12g。 紧急治疗参见氰化氢产品。当吞入粉尘引起中毒时，用3%双氧水或0.2%高锰酸钾液洗胃。每过15min给一汤匙硫酸亚铁和煅镁氧乳液。氰化钾溶液落在皮肤上，用大量水冲洗，然后缠上有硼酸或硼油的湿绷带。 工作时有生成氰化氢的危险时参见氰化氢产品。保护皮肤，用尼龙、氟共聚物乳胶手套。严格遵守个人卫生规则，禁止在工作场所吃东西及吸烟；衣服浸泡在含有2%硫酸亚铁的2%苏打溶液中2h，可使衣服无害；工作前用由20份氨水、100份甘油，50份硼酸及25份酒精（96%），5份硼酸及25份水组成的液体涂手部皮肤，工作后用0.2%高锰酸钾或2%双氧水溶液洗手。
  • 上游原料:氢氧化钾溶液 --> 氢氰酸
  • F:3-8-10-23
  • 用途三:用于矿石浮选提取金和银、电镀、钢的热处理。也用于分析化学试剂和有机腈类产品制造以及制药等。还用于照相、生产丙烯腈和有机玻璃、蚀刻及石印，以及用作柠檬除霉剂等。
  • 下游产品:3-氰基喹啉 --> 5-氨基嘧啶-2-2羧酸 --> 2-氨基丙腈 --> 2-(1,5-二甲基-1H-吡唑-3-基)乙腈 --> Boc-L-beta-高脯氨酸 --> 吲唑-5-甲腈 --> 7-甲基腺嘌呤 --> 3-甲基-2-氨基丁腈 --> 2-氰基喹啉 --> 4-氟-2-硝基苯甲腈 --> 铊 --> 4-氯-2-氰基吡啶 --> 2,3-二氰基丙酸乙酯 --> 糠偶酰 --> 美芬妥因 --> 2-氰基-4-甲基吡啶 --> 吡啶-2,4-二腈 --> 喹哪啶酸 --> 氰金(I)酸钾 --> 丁二腈 --> 5-(氨甲基)-5-甲基吡咯-2-酮 --> 2-甲基戊二酸(二聚丙烯酸) --> 1-氰基异喹啉 --> 氰化银 --> DL-缬氨酸 --> 3-甲氧基-2-甲基苯甲酸
  • 参考质量标准:参考标准 指标名称 指标 一级品 二级品 氰化钾(KCN)/%≥ 97 93 碳酸钾(K2CO3)/%≤
  • 可燃性危险特性:不可燃物质; 遇酸放出有毒易燃氰化氢气体; 受热产生有毒氰化物和氧化钾烟雾
  • 用途二:用作分析试剂、掩蔽剂、杀虫剂及照相定影剂
  • 水中溶解度(g/100ml):每100毫升水中的溶解克数: 50g/20℃
  • 敏感性:Hygroscopic

系列性分类

  1. Research Essentials 基础科研
  2. Essential Chemicals - Research Essentials
  3. Inorganic Salts, Solutions and Reagents - Essential Chemicals
  4. ACS Grade - Inorganic Salts, Solutions and Reagents
  1. Research Essentials 基础科研
  2. Essential Chemicals - Research Essentials
  3. Inorganic Salts, Solutions and Reagents - Essential Chemicals
  4. Technical Grade - Inorganic Salts, Solutions and Reagents
  1. Analytical & Chromatography 分析化学与色谱
  2. Analytical Reagents
  3. Analytical Reagents for General Use - Analytical Reagents
  4. Puriss p.a. - Analytical Reagents for General Use
  5. O-P, Puriss p.a. - Puriss p.a.
  1. Analytical & Chromatography 分析化学与色谱
  2. Analytical Reagents
  3. Analytical Reagents for General Use - Analytical Reagents
  4. Puriss p.a. ACS - Analytical Reagents for General Use
  5. O-P, Puriss p.a. ACS - Puriss p.a. ACS
  1. Life Science 生命科学
  2. Biochemicals and Reagents 生化试剂
  3. Enzymes, Inhibitors, and Substrates - Biochemicals and Reagents
  4. Enzyme Inhibitors - Enzymes, Inhibitors, and Substrates
  5. Enzyme Inhibitors by Enzyme - Enzyme Inhibitors
  6. R to Z - Enzyme Inhibitors by Enzyme
  7. Superoxide dismutase - R to Z
  1. Analytical & Chromatography 分析化学与色谱
  2. Routine Reagents
  1. Chemical Synthesis 化学合成
  2. Building Blocks 合成砌块
  3. Chemicals by Class 化学分类法
  4. Metal Compounds 金属化合物
  1. Analytical & Chromatography 分析化学与色谱
  2. Adsorbents, Filter Aids and Drying Agents
  3. Other Drying Agents
  1. Life Science 生命科学
  2. Biochemicals and Reagents
  3. Enzymes, Inhibitors, and Substrates
  4. Enzyme Inhibitors
  5. Enzyme Inhibitors by Enzyme
  6. Sphingosine N-acyltransferase