Isoamyl nitrite 亚硝酸异戊酯

CAS 110-46-3 MFCD00002057

化学结构图

110-46-3
SMILES: CC(C)CCON=O

化学属性

Mol. FormulaC₅H₁₁NO₂
Mol. Weight117.15
Refractive index1.3850 to 1.3880
Boiling Point
Density0.872 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Flash Point3°C(lit.)
TSCAYes
Solubility不溶于水，溶于乙醇、乙醚、氯仿、汽油。
Stability对光敏感
Melting PointNo Data Available

别名和识别编码

Chemical NameIsoamyl nitrite
Synonym 3-Methylbutanol nitrite 3-methylbutanolnitrite 3-methylbutyl nitrite Amyl Nitrite, Vaporole Amyl nitriteIsoamyl nitrite Amylnitrit, Mischung von Isomeren ISOPENTYL NITRITE Isopentyl Nitrite {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} { {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} { {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {
CAS Number110-46-3
PubChem Substance ID87571491
Beilstein Registry Number1,402
MDL NumberMFCD00002057
EC Number203-770-8
Reaxys-RN969510
Merck Number5123
Chemical Name Translation亚硝酸异戊酯
Wiswesser Line NotationONO2Y
LabNetwork Molecule IDLN00196200
InChIInChI=1S/C5H11NO2/c1-5(2)3-4-8-6-7/h5H,3-4H2,1-2H3
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分类

  • {SNA} G-H-I, Hematology and Histology, Stains & Dyes, A to Z, Stains and Dyes
  • Building Blocks, Chemical Synthesis, Nitrogen Compounds, Organic Building Blocks, Organic Nitrates/Nitrites
  • {SNA} G-H-I, Stains & Dyes, A to Z, Stains and Dyes, 细胞生物学, 血液学和组织学
  • {uni_hamburg} no charge; 1fragment

产品应用

  • 用于香料；药物；重氮化合物的合成。可作氧化剂；溶剂。亚硝酸异酯是一种药物，是作用最快的亚硝酸酯类短效血管扩张剂。还可作氢氰酸及其盐类中毒的解毒剂。

相关文献及参考

  • For aromatic arylation as an alternative to the Gomberg reaction, see: J. Chem. Soc., 4257 (1962). For deamination of arylamines using THF as a hydrogen donor, see: J. Chem. Soc., Perkin 1, 541 (1973).
  • ɑ-Amino esters are converted to ɑ-diazo esters: Tetrahedron, 31, 227 (1975).
  • Short: II/19b
  • Widely used in non-aqueous nitrosation and diazotization reactions.
  • Short: III/38B
  • For use in the generation of benzyne from anthranilic acid, see: J. Org. Chem., 38, 3462 (1973).
  • For other reactions of alkyl nitrites, see Isobutyl­ nitrite, L05259, and tert-Butyl­ nitrite, L16135.
  • Merck:14,5123
  • Merck:14,5123 Beilstein:1,402

安全信息

GHS Symbol
WGK Germany1
Hazard statements
  • H225 Highly flammable liquid and vapour 高度易燃液体和蒸气
  • H302 Harmful if swallowed 吞食有害
  • H331 Toxic if inhaled 吸入中毒
  • H332 Harmful if inhaled 吸入有害
Personal Protective Equipment Eyeshields, Faceshields, full-face respirator (US), Gloves, multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US), type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter
Hazard Codes
RTECSNT0187500
Precautionary statements
  • P210 Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking. 远离热源/火花/明火/热的表面。——禁止吸烟。
  • P233 Keep container tightly closed. ?保持容器密闭。
  • P240 Ground/bond container and receiving equipment. 与地面接触/连接集装箱和接受设备。
  • P241+P242+P243
  • P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. 不要吸入粉尘/烟/气体/烟雾/蒸汽/喷雾。
  • P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. 避免吸入粉尘/烟/气体/烟雾/蒸汽/喷雾。
  • P264 Wash hands thoroughly after handling. 处理后要彻底洗净双手。
  • P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. 使用本产品时不要吃东西，喝水或吸烟。
  • P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.? 只能在室外或通风良好的地方使用。
  • P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. 戴防护手套/防护服/眼睛的保护物/面部保护物。
  • P301+P312+P330
  • P303+P361+P353
  • P304+P340+P311
  • P305+P351+P338
  • P308+P311
  • P370+P378
  • P403+P233
  • P405 Store locked up. 上锁保管。
  • P501 Dispose of contents/container to..… 处理内容物/容器.....
Signal word
Safety Statements
  • S46 If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label 食入时，立即求医并出示容器/标签；
  • S16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking 远离火源，禁止吸烟；
  • S24 Avoid contact with skin 避免皮肤接触；
Risk Statements
  • R20/22 Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed 吸入和不慎吞咽有害
  • R11 Highly flammable 非常易燃
  • R36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin 对眼睛、呼吸系统和皮肤有刺激性
UN Number 1113 UN 1113 3/PG 2
Storage condition 0-10 0-10°C 2-8°C 4 Air & Light Sensitive 充氩保存,储存温度2-8°C 密封避光2-8℃保存。
Packing GroupII
Hazard Class3
Warnings 危化品目录(2015) 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 505 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - general anesthetic
REFERENCE :
   FEPRA7 Federation Proceedings, Federation of American Societies for
   Experimental Biology. (Bethesda, MD)  V.1-46, 1942-87.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,1583,1982

TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 51 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   RCOCB8 Research Communications in Chemical Pathology and Pharmacology. (PJD
   Pub. Ltd., P.O. Box 966, Westbury, NY 11590)  V.1-    1970-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,889,1973

TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 130 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   RCOCB8 Research Communications in Chemical Pathology and Pharmacology. (PJD
   Pub. Ltd., P.O. Box 966, Westbury, NY 11590)  V.1-    1970-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,889,1973

TYPE OF TEST            : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED

TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION           : 167 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
REFERENCE :
   RCOCB8 Research Communications in Chemical Pathology and Pharmacology. (PJD
   Pub. Ltd., P.O. Box 966, Westbury, NY 11590)  V.1-    1970-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,889,1973

{hazard_

TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION           : 333 ug/plate
REFERENCE :
   ENMUDM Environmental Mutagenesis.  (New York, NY)  V.1-9, 1979-87.  For
   publisher information, see EMMUEG.  Volume(issue)/page/year: 8(Suppl
   7),1,1986

TYPE OF TEST            : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - hamster Ovary
DOSE/DURATION           : 16 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis.  (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
   11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.10-    1987-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   10(Suppl 10),1,1987

TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in mammalian somatic cells
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION           : 3740 nmol/L
REFERENCE :
   EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis.  (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
   11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.10-    1987-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   14,115,1989

TYPE OF TEST            : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - hamster Ovary
DOSE/DURATION           : 160 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis.  (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
   11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.10-    1987-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   10(Suppl 10),1,1987

Restrict 危险品

其他信息

  • 氰化物中毒解毒剂:药理作用与亚硝酸钠相同，亚硝酸异戊酯也是一种氧化剂，能使血红蛋白氧化成高铁(Fe3+)血红蛋白，与氰离子结合，生成氰化高铁血红蛋白，消除血中游离氰离子对细胞色素氧化酶的侵害，而且可使与细胞色素氧化酶结合的氰离子释放，使酶的活性和组织呼吸功能恢复，宜同时用硫代硫酸钠使已与高铁血红蛋白结合的氰化物形成无毒的硫氰基(SCN-)而排出体外，从而起到治疗氰化物中毒的作用。本品经吸入法给药，吸入后在肺内迅速吸收，10～30秒后
  • 用途一:血管扩张药，用于治疗心绞痛，也可用于氰化物中毒
  • MSDS 信息:亚硝酸异戊酯(110-46-3).msds
  • 抗心绞痛药物:淡黄色澄明液体，臭似醚，带水果香。在室温下能挥发，易燃烧。几不溶于水，能与乙醇、乙醚、氯仿或苯任意混合。遇光和空气会分解。 亚硝酸异戊酯又称亚硝戊酯、硝酸戊酯，是一种起效最快，持续时间最短的抗心绞痛药物，属亚硝酸酯类短效血管扩张剂，药理作用与硝酸甘油相似，直接松弛血管平滑肌，特别是对小血管平滑肌，使全身血管扩张，外周阻力降低，血压下降，静脉回心血量减少，心排血量降低，从而降低心肌耗氧量，抗心绞痛，并有效地激发性欲。因其在胃肠道迅速水解，故本品口服无效，通常临床上使用的药品都被药厂制成一种挥发性液体吸入剂，吸人后在肺部迅速吸收，不足半分钟即可奏效，作用只持续3～
  • 毒性分级:高毒
  • 上游原料:碳酸钠 --> 异戊醇
  • Alfa Aesar:亚硝酸异戊酯,97% Isopentyl nitr
  • 外观性质:淡黄色透明液体, 有水果香味, 具有挥发性。
  • 用途三:用于香料、药物、重氮化合物的合成。可作氧化剂、溶剂。亚硝酸异酯是一种药物，是作用最快的亚硝酸酯类短效血管扩张剂。还可作氢氰酸及其盐类中毒的解毒剂。
  • TCI Shanghai:亚硝酸异戊酯 Isoamyl Nitrite,>;95.0%(GC)(110-46-3)
  • 抗心绞痛药物:淡黄色澄明液体，臭似醚，带水果香。在室温下能挥发，易燃烧。几不溶于水，能与乙醇、乙醚、氯仿或苯任意混合。遇光和空气会分解。 亚硝酸异戊酯又称亚硝戊酯、硝酸戊酯，是一种起效最快，持续时间最短的抗心绞痛药物，属亚硝酸酯类短效血管扩张剂，药理作用与硝酸甘油相似，直接松弛血管平滑肌，特别是对小血管平滑肌，使全身血管扩张，外周阻力降低，血压下降，静脉回心血量减少，心排血量降低，从而降低心肌耗氧量，抗心绞痛，并有效地激发性欲。因其在胃肠道迅速水解，故本品口服无效，通常临床上使用的药品都被药厂制成一种挥发性液体吸入剂，吸人后在肺部迅速吸收，不足半分钟即可奏效，作用只持续3～10分钟，其抗心绞痛作用与硝酸甘油相似，但本品吸入剂量难以控制，且不良反应较大，为其缺点。因其常引起剧烈头痛、严重低血压和心动过速等，现已很少用于心绞痛和胆绞痛的临床治疗，逐步被其他硝酸酯类药物所代替。 【注意事项与不良反应】 常见的不良反应有头痛、颜面潮红、低血压和反射性心动过速等现象。亚硝酸异戊酯比硝酸甘油的反应严重。 用量过大可引起低血压及心率加快，加重心绞痛症状，静脉滴注用药期间须密切观察心律和血压。由于产生过量的高铁血红蛋白而中毒，症状有发绀、呼吸困难等缺氧症状，可静注1%美蓝急救，同时吸氧、输血。 头部外伤、大脑出血、急性冠状动脉栓塞者禁用。 冠状动脉闭塞及颅内压增高者禁用。
  • 急性毒性:口服- 大鼠 LD50: 505 毫克/ 公斤; 吸入- 小鼠 LC50: 1430 PPM/ 30分
  • 图谱信息:亚硝酸异戊酯(110-46-3)核磁图( 13 CNMR) 亚硝酸异戊酯(110-46-3)核磁图( 1 HNMR) 亚硝酸异戊酯(110-46-3)红外图谱(IR1) 亚硝酸异戊酯(110-46-3)质谱(MS) 亚硝酸异戊酯(110-46-3)红外图谱(IR2)
  • 类别:易燃液体
  • 氰化物中毒解毒剂:药理作用与亚硝酸钠相同，亚硝酸异戊酯也是一种氧化剂，能使血红蛋白氧化成高铁(Fe3+)血红蛋白，与氰离子结合，生成氰化高铁血红蛋白，消除血中游离氰离子对细胞色素氧化酶的侵害，而且可使与细胞色素氧化酶结合的氰离子释放，使酶的活性和组织呼吸功能恢复，宜同时用硫代硫酸钠使已与高铁血红蛋白结合的氰化物形成无毒的硫氰

系列性分类

  1. Life Science 生命科学
  2. Hematology and Histology 血液学和组织学
  3. Stains and Dyes - Hematology and Histology
  4. Stains & Dyes, A to Z - Stains and Dyes
  5. G-H-I - Stains & Dyes, A to Z
  1. Chemical Synthesis 化学合成
  2. Building Blocks 合成砌块
  3. Organic Building Blocks 有机砌块
  4. Carbonyl Compounds 羰基化合物
  5. Esters - Carbonyl Compounds
  1. Chemical Synthesis 化学合成
  2. Building Blocks 合成砌块
  3. Organic Building Blocks 有机砌块
  4. Nitrogen Compounds 氮化合物
  5. Organic Nitrates/Nitrites - Nitrogen Compounds
  1. Chemical Synthesis 化学合成
  2. Building Blocks 合成砌块
  3. Organic Building Blocks 有机砌块
  4. Carbonyl Compounds 羰基化合物
  5. Hydrazides - Carbonyl Compounds
  1. Chemical Synthesis 化学合成
  2. Building Blocks 合成砌块
  3. Organic Building Blocks 有机砌块
  4. Carbonyl Compounds 羰基化合物
  5. Hydrazides - Carbonyl Compounds
  1. Functional Group 官能团索引
  2. nitrite
  1. Life Science 生命科学
  2. Biochemicals and Reagents
  3. Biochemicals and Reagents
  4. Stains and Dyes
  5. Natural Dyes
  1. Life Science 生命科学
  2. Biochemicals and Reagents
  3. Hematology and Histology
  4. Stains and Dyes
  5. Stains & Dyes, A to Z
  6. E-F
  1. Life Science 生命科学
  2. Biochemicals and Reagents
  3. Hemotology and Histology
  4. Stains and Dyes
  5. Stains & Dyes, A to Z
  6. E-F