Lithium aluminium hydride 氢化铝锂

CAS 16853-85-3 MFCD00011075

化学结构图

16853-85-3
SMILES: [AlH4-].[Li+]

化学属性

Melting Point125
TSCAYes
SolubilityDecomposes in water. Soluble in ether
Flash Point-17 ºC
Boiling Point66
Appearance tablets (~0.5 g each)
Stability对空气和湿度敏感
Density0.885
Mol. FormulaLiAlH4
Mol. Weight37.95
RedoxReduction
pH:A

别名和识别编码

Chemical NameLithium aluminium hydride
Synonym Aluminate(1-), tetrahydro-, lithium, (T-4)- Aluminum lithium hydride LAH LAH Lithium alanate LAH Lithium alanate Lithium tetrahydro LAH; Lithium tetrahydridoaluminate LITHIUM ALANATE LITHIUM ALUMINUM HYDRIDE LiAlH4 LiAlH4 Lithium alanate Lithium aluminohydride Lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4) Lithium aluminum tetrahydride Lithium tetrahydroaluminate Lithiumaluminiumhydrid lithium aluminium hydride lithiumaluminumhydride,ethereal lithiumtetrahydroaluminate lithiumtetrahydroaluminate(lithiumaluminiumhydride) {} {} {} {} {Chemi 四氢铝锂 四氢铝锂,四氢化铝锂,(T-4)-四氢铝酸锂 四氫化鋁鋰
MDL NumberMFCD00011075
EC Number240-877-9
PubChem Substance ID87560001
CAS Number16853-85-3
Merck Number350
Beilstein Registry Number11460447
Reaxys-RN11460447
Chemical Name Translation氢化铝锂
Wiswesser Line Notation.AL..H4.LI
LabNetwork Molecule IDLN01341120
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分类

  • {SNA} Alternative Energy, Aluminum Hydrides, Chemical Synthesis,
  • {SNA} Aluminum Hydrides, Chemical Synthesis, Reduction, Synthetic Reagents
  • {SNA} Alternative E
  • {SNA} 25mL Sure/Seal Reagents, Aluminum Hydrides,
  • {SNA} Alternative Energy, Aluminum Hydrides, Chemical Synthesis, Materials Science, Materials for Hydrogen Storage, Metal Hydrides, Reduction, Synthetic Reagents
  • {SNA} Alternative Energy, Aluminum Hydrides, Chemical Synthesis, Enabling Products, Greener Alternative Products,
  • {SNA} 25mL Sure/Seal Reagents, Aluminum Hydrides, Chemical Synthesis, Organometallic Reagents, Reduction, Synthetic Reagents

产品应用

  • ⑴.具有高度可燃性,必须隔绝空气、湿气,并最好在氮气氛下保存。
  • ⑵. 羰基试剂。还原剂。制造其他氢化物及硅烷、硼烷等。在医药、香料、农药、染料及其他精细有机合成中用作还原剂。可将醛酮、酸、酸酐、酯、醌、酰氯等还原为醇,将腈还原为伯胺,将卤化烃还原为烃,芳香硝基化合物还原成偶氮化合物。但通常不能使碳—碳双键氢化。100份乙醚能溶本品30份,100份四氢呋喃能溶13份,100份二甲基溶纤剂能溶10份,100份二丁醚能溶2份,100份二氧六环能溶0.1份。
  • ⑶. 是有机化学中一个常用的还原试剂,能够还原多种官能
  • A powerful reagent and reducing agent.

相关文献及参考

  • For reduction of sulfones, see Titanium(IV)­ chloride, 14713.
  • For THF, at least 10ml solvent per gram of reagent is recommended to absorb heat of mixing.
  • The use of water or steam baths, or of electric heating mantles is to be strongly discouraged.
  • The reduction reaction should preferably be controlled by adjusting the rate of addition of the substrate rather than relying on external heating or cooling.
  • Short: IV/19A1
  • Many procedures for reactions with this reagent which have been described in the literature are potentially unsafe on anything other than a very small scale, since often no precautions are given for mixing the reagent with flammable solvents. The following suggestions are offered for laboratory scale reductions:
  • Short: III/14a
  • Merck: 14,349
  • Efficient stirring is essential during mixing, reaction and workup.
  • For phase-transfer reductions in hydrocarbon solvents, see 15-Crown-5, A12265. For formation of lithium tris(diethylamino)aluminum hydride and use in the reduction of esters or amides to aldehydes, see Diethyl­amine, A11716. For formation of a reagent for reduction of carboxylic acids to aldehydes, see 1-Methyl­piperazine, A10837.
  • External heating or cooling, if required, should be by means of a suitable inert oil.
  • Monograph: J. Seyden-Penne, Reductions by the Alumino- and Borohydrides In Organic Synthesis, 2nd ed., Wiley, N.Y. (1997).
  • Mixing with a flammable solvent must always be carried out under an inert atmosphere.
  • Reverse addition (solvent to reagent), if done rapidly, may be safer.
  • The use of Diethoxymethane, B23134 as a reaction solvent has also been recommended.
  • Short: III/35C4

安全信息

GHS Symbol
Precautionary statements
  • P210 Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking. 远离热源/火花/明火/热的表面。——禁止吸烟。
  • P223 Keep away from any possible contact with water, because of violent reaction and possible flash fire. 远离任何与水接触的可能,因为会剧烈反应可能产生闪火。
  • P231+P232
  • P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. 不要吸入粉尘/烟/气体/烟雾/蒸汽/喷雾。
  • P264 Wash hands thoroughly after handling. 处理后要彻底洗净双手。
  • P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. 使用本产品时不要吃东西,喝水或吸烟。
  • P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.? 只能在室外或通风良好的地方使用。
  • P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. 戴防护手套/防护服/眼睛的保护物/面部保护物。
  • P281 Use personal protective equipment as required. 使用所需的个人防护装备。
  • P284 Wear respiratory protection.? 佩戴呼吸保护装置。
  • P301+P330+P331+P310
  • P303+P361+P353+P310+P363
  • P304+P340+P310
  • P305+P351+P338
  • P305+P351+P338+P310
  • P335+P334
  • P370+P378
  • P402+P404
  • P403+P235
  • P405 Store locked up. 上锁保管。
  • P422 Store contents under… 存储目录在…之下。
  • P501 Dispose of contents/container to..… 处理内容物/容器.....
Signal word Danger
Hazard statements
  • H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage 导致严重的皮肤灼伤和眼睛损伤
  • H260 In contact with water releases flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously 与水接触时释放可燃气体,可自燃。
  • H225 Highly flammable liquid and vapour 高度易燃液体和蒸气
  • H332 Harmful if inhaled 吸入有害
  • H315 Causes skin irritation 会刺激皮肤
  • H360 May damage fertility or the unborn child 可能对生育能力或未出生婴儿造成伤害
  • H319 Causes serious eye irritation 严重刺激眼睛
  • H335 May cause respiratory irritation 可能导致呼吸道刺激
  • H304 May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways 吞食和进入呼吸道可能致命
  • H336 May cause drowsiness or dizziness 肯能导致嗜睡或头晕
  • H361d Suspected of damaging the unborn child 怀疑对未出生婴儿造成伤害
  • H373 May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure 长期或频繁接触可能会损伤器官
  • H261 In contact with water releases flammable gas 与水接触时释放可燃气体。
  • H226 Flammable liquid and vapour 易燃液体和蒸气
  • H302 Harmful if swallowed 吞食有害
  • H318 Causes serious eye damage 严重伤害眼睛
  • H224 Extremely flammable liquid and vapour 极端易燃液体和蒸气
  • H351 Suspected of causing cancer 怀疑致癌
WGK Germany1
RTECSBD0100000
Personal Protective Equipment Eyeshields, Faceshields, full-face particle respirator type N100 (US), Gloves, respirator cartridge type N100 (US), type P1 (EN143) respirator filter, type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges Eyeshields, Faceshields, full-face respirator (US), Gloves, multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US), type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter Eyeshields, Faceshields, full-face respirator (US), Gloves, multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US)
Safety Statements
  • S15 Keep away from heat 远离热源;
  • S16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking 远离火源,禁止吸烟;
  • S22 Do not breathe dust 不要吸入粉尘;
  • S23 Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapour/spray (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer) 不要吸入气体/烟雾/蒸汽/喷雾;
  • S24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes 避免皮肤和眼睛接触;
  • S26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice 眼睛接触后,立即用大量水冲洗并征求医生意见;
  • S30 Never add water to this product 切勿将水加入该产品中;
  • S36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves 穿戴适当的防护服和手套;
  • S36/37/39 Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection 穿戴适当的防护服、手套和眼睛/面保护;
  • S43 In case of fire use ... (indicate in the space the precise type of fire-fighting equipment. If water increases the risk add -?Never use water) 着火时使用(指明具体的消防器材种类,如果用水增加危险,注明“禁止用水”
  • S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible) 发生事故时或感觉不适时,立即求医(可能时出示标签);
  • S7/8 Keep container tightly closed and dry 保存在严格密闭容器中,保持干燥;
Packing GroupI
UN Number 1410 3399
Risk Statements
  • R10 Flammable 易燃
  • R11 Highly flammable 非常易燃
  • R12 Extremely flammable 极端易燃
  • R14/15 Reacts violently with water, liberating extremely flammable gases 遇水剧烈反应,释放出高度可燃气体
  • R15 Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases 遇水会释放出极端易燃的气体
  • R19 May form explosive peroxides 可能生成易爆的过氧化物质
  • R20 Harmful by inhalation 吸入有害
  • R22 Harmful if swallowed 吞咽有害
  • R34 Causes burns 会导致灼伤
  • R36/37 Irritating to eyes and respiratory system 对眼睛和呼吸系统有刺激性
  • R36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin 对眼睛、呼吸系统和皮肤有刺激性
  • R36/38 Irritating to eyes and skin 对眼睛和皮肤有刺激性
  • R37 Irritating to respiratory system 刺激呼吸道
  • R40 Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect 有限证据表明其致癌作用
  • R48/20
  • R60 May impair fertility 可能降低生殖能力
  • R61 May cause harm to the unborn child 可能对未出生的婴儿导致伤害
  • R63 Possible risk of harm to the unborn child 可能危害未出生婴儿
  • R66 Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking 反复接触可能导致皮肤干燥或皴裂
  • R67 Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness 蒸汽可能导致嗜睡和昏厥
Storage condition 充氩储存 储存温度2-8℃; 充氩储存 Air & Moisture Sensitive 充氩密封 2-8°C
Hazard Codes 4.3 F+,Xn F,C,Xi,Xn,F+ F,T
Hazard Class4.3
Warnings 危化品目录(2015)
Restrict 危险品

其他信息

  • ⑴. 储存于阴凉、干燥、通风良好的专用库房内,远离火种、热源。库温不超过32℃,相对湿度不超过75%。包装密封。 ⑵. 应与氧化剂、酸类、醇类等分开存放,切忌混储。储区应备有合适的材料收容泄漏物。

系列性分类


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